What is defined as a Surface Incident by the FAA?

A Surface Incident, as defined by the FAA, refers specifically to any movement of aircraft that affects safety on the airport surface. This definition encompasses various situations where the actions of aircraft or vehicles could lead to safety risks, whether due to improper maneuvering, miscommunication, or other factors that might impact safe operations on runways, taxiways, or ramp areas.

Recognizing this type of incident is crucial for maintaining safe operations at airports and ensuring that all personnel, including ramp agents, are aware of the significance of aircraft movements and their consequences. Examples can include unauthorized taxiing or any event where the handling of an aircraft or vehicle intersects with safety protocols.

The other answer options, while related to airport safety and operations, do not fall under the specific definition of a Surface Incident. Unauthorized vehicle operation focuses on vehicles rather than aircraft, accidents involving airport maintenance although critical to operations, do not pertain directly to aircraft movements. Lastly, passenger accidents within terminal buildings relate more to terminal safety rather than surface operations involving aircraft. Thus, option C clearly aligns with the FAA's definition and the broader context of airport safety operations.